By now, it should be common
knowledge that the ice caps are melting due to an increase in the Earth’s
surface temperature. Blockbuster Hollywood movies and proponents of global
warming have offered us one apocalyptic scenario after another. Ice ages. Tsunamis.
Super-storms. However, one demographic may actually be banking on the ice caps
melting: big oil.
According to a
report filed by the U.S. Geological Survey, an estimated 13% of the planet’s
reserve of unperturbed oil, and 30% of natural gas, sit beneath the once-thick
sheath of Arctic ice. Oil executives are salivating for a chance to begin
drilling operations. Nations, too.
Russia has
already dispatched a fleet of submarines to explore the North Pole. Amy
Crawford, a writer for Smithsonian
Magazine, says China is next in line.
"China
obviously does not have any Arctic coastline. Their northern border is about
900 miles from the Arctic Circle. But they are seeking influence."
In order for
China to get in the game, they’ll need support from Canada, one of their main
suppliers of crude oil. But if Canada does throw their support behind the
Chinese, the move could damage relations between Canada and their neighbor to
the South, the United States.
The U.S. and
Canada are currently vying for control of the Northwest Passage, a direct sea
route to the North Pole that, thanks to global warming, is ice-free for the
first time in years. The route is substantially shorter (4,000 miles and 2
weeks shorter, in fact) than the alternative route through the Panama Canal.
Obviously, this represents some financial leverage. Canada contends that
stretches of the Northwest Passage fall within its jurisdiction, while the U.S.
argues that it’s part of international waters. Let the bickering begin!
Russia, on the
other hand, controls 100% of the Northeast Passage, giving them a distinct
advantage in the race to claim the Artic oil, which is technically ‘up for
grabs’. Crawford writes: “In 2007, they (the Russians) actually did this
symbolic flag planting where they sent a formerly secret mini-submarine down and
they planted a titanium flag. So it sounds like something out of Christopher
Columbus' playbook."
Big oil companies
are scrambling to compete, but so far have been forced to abandon exploratory
voyages due to insufficient technology. Most of today’s tankers are unable to
withstand the sub-zero Artic temperatures and vicious winds – issues naval
submarines don’t have to consider.
Are oil and gas
really worth all the trouble we’re going through? Wouldn’t it be more
cost-effective for countries to invest in alternative forms of energy? Why hope
that the ice caps melt when we can work towards the solution of a clean,
renewable infrastructure? Unless we want to spend our retirements under water…
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